With more than 420 000 tonnes of imports in 2019, the USA was the main outlet for Mexican bananas, taking in 70 % of export volumes. Mexico, the number five supplier to the US market behind Guatemala, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Honduras, enjoys major assets due to its Customs duty exemption and the geographic proximity of the production zones, which means that the fruit can be sent by road-freight. Growth in exports to this market have stepped up in particular in recent years thanks to the rise of organic bananas, shipments of which have increased fivefold in six years, and which now represent nearly 20 % of US imports. However, on the EC market the trend is the exact opposite: imports from Mexico, after peaking at around 70 000 tonnes between 2014 and 2016, have halved in the space of three years, falling below 30 000 tonnes in 2019. This fall could be explained by a lack of competitiveness compared to Ecuador, Peru or Guatemala, which enjoy a decreasing Customs duty, which hit a basement level of 75 euros/tonne in 2020. Mexico, which is not part of the Association Agreement with the EU, has seen its Customs duty rise to 114 euros/tonne above 2 000 tonnes.
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