Race T4 causing the deadly Panama disease identified for the first time in Africa.

  • Published on 30/01/2014 - Published by LESCOT Thierry
  • FruiTrop n°218 , Page From 2 to 2
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Older generations will recall race 1, which decimated the population of Gros Michel banana trees in the 1950s. The disease is due to a soil fungus of a very common genus, Fusarium oxysporum sp. Cubense (or FOC). It is its tropical form, race T4, which has just appeared in Mozambique (though also in Jordan). It is a relatively recent form, described in 1990. It afflicts Cavendish group varieties, but hitherto had only been found in the wet tropical zones of Asia, especially Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, South China, Australia and the Philippines. In 2011, FruiTrop published a full set of recommendations (see FruiTrop no.191, July-August 2011, pages 20 and 21), to be followed very closely in order to apply effective preventive measures. An ad-hoc committee of scientists specialising in this disease was formed in order to investigate the origin of its introduction and analyse the risks of extension. Specific recommendations should be provided for Mozambique, which is a very recent operator on the world dessert banana market, with exports in particular to the EU (as well as to the Arabian Peninsula), which have for now culminated at 700-800 tonnes for the year 2013. However, you will recall that Africa is a big supplier to the world banana market, with exports of roughly more than 500 000 tonnes per year. This alarming news has reactivated the world phytosanitary monitoring networks, particularly in Latin America.

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    Maladie de Panama
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